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Articles written by Patrick T. Labreck


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  • Science Biweekly

    Patrick T. LaBreck|Updated Jun 15, 2017

    BETHESDA, MD - Savory wine and sapid beer all vary in the taste from bottle to bottle. The variety of flavor is attributed to the sensor cells found in taste buds spread throughout your tongue, which recognize 5 basic tastes: sweet, sour, salty, bitter and savory. The flavors that our brains recognize are a combination of taste, smell, temperature, and texture. This combination generates our perception of how a hamburger tastes and evolved with our survival instinct to avoid potentially poisonous foods. To understand how...

  • Science Biweekly

    Patrick T. LaBreck|Updated Jun 2, 2017

    Supplements range from Sammy Sosa’s Flintstones vitamins to a pill of Ginkgo biloba. Humans have long recognized the importance of supplementing their diet with important nutrients. As explorers conquered the world in the age of discovery, they were constantly under the threat of developing scurvy. The cure to scurvy was identified by Dr. James Lind in 1747 and was relatively simple; supplement the diet of sailors with citrus fruit. It took nearly 200 years for humans to discover citrus fruit contained high amounts vitamin C...

  • Science Biweekly

    Patrick T. LaBreck|Updated May 18, 2017

    BETHESDA, MD. A few months ago we explored the topic of antibiotic resistance in some depth. The media has continued to stress our imminent doom that would accompany a post-antibiotic era. However, an additional threat has been on the horizon for some time: antiseptic resistant bacteria. Antiseptics are different than antibiotics as antiseptics are able to target a wide variety of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, eukaryotic organisms) and they kill or inhibit the growth of an organism within 30 seconds to 1 minute of...

  • Science Biweekly

    Patrick T. LaBreck|Updated Apr 27, 2017

    Every farmer can attest to the benefits of crop rotation. Interestingly, the idea of crop rotation quickly followed the birth of agrarian societies. The Indus Valley Civilization was one of the original cultures to practice crop rotation nearly 4000 years ago and benefited from their ingenuity (Worthington, 2016). The Indus flourished along Pakistan and northwest India and assisted civilization in the development of modern agriculture. Although the Indus civilization has...

  • Science Biweekly

    Patrick T. LaBreck|Updated Apr 19, 2017

    The American dream has remained a tangible goal since James Truslow Adams popularized the idea in the 20th century. His ideal that “America is rich with opportunity for every person regardless of class and each person can fulfill their potential in accordance with their ability and work ethic” is alive and well. The United States of America has always been a home to innovative engineers and scientists. The resources available to the average American exceeds most of the world and preserves the river of innovation that flo...